SCOTUS has not held that deportation is an irreparable harm
By placing an injunction on trump's retarded plans, yes, it has implicitly ruled that deportation without due process is likely an irreparable harm; i.e. a harm which is unable to be compensated by money or a violation of constitutional rights. By enjoining the Trump admin and remanding the decision down to the lower courts, it does two things primarily.
First, it says "fucking stop that shit immediately." Second, and this is more nuanced, by refusing to rule on the constitutional amendments Trump's administration may likely be violating such that an injunction is necessary, it tells the lower courts to interpret all other case law as it currently exists. Even Alito's (very ideologically motivated) dissent makes no attempt at anything more than a procedural argument.
SCOTUS is essentially telling circuit courts that it IS within their purview to enjoin the administration and that they will not take special liberties with edge case constitutional amendments.
In other words, as relevant constitutional law is currently and still interpreted:
all immigrants are persons under relevant amendments and have a right to due process
vis-a-vis birthright citizenship, "jurisdiction" includes the definition and tests established in Wong Kim Ark